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Decreased Body Temperature

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

An Experimental Human DIEP Flap Model to Investigate Preservation Strategies for Vascularized Composite Allografts and Free Flaps

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Contact Cooling of Random-Pattern Cutaneous Flaps: Does it Increase Necrosis?

Edward Nahabet¹, Hooman Riazi², Mark Asirwatham²

¹Case Western Reserve University SOM, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery

|February 2, 2017

Summary

Postoperative cooling of random-pattern skin flaps does not increase necrosis. This study found a trend towards decreased necrosis with longer cooling periods, suggesting safety and potential benefit.

Keywords:

Cooling Cutaneous Flap Hypothermia Skin

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Ischemic Tissue Injury in the Dorsal Skinfold Chamber of the Mouse: A Skin Flap Model to Investigate Acute Persistent Ischemia

Ischemic Tissue Injury in the Dorsal Skinfold Chamber of the Mouse: A Skin Flap Model to Investigate Acute Persistent Ischemia

Published on: November 17, 2014

Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Wound Healing
Tissue Engineering

Background:

Postoperative cooling effectively reduces pain, swelling, and bruising.
Concerns about vasoconstriction-induced adverse effects limit cooling use in extensive skin undermining, such as after rhytidectomy.
This study investigates the impact of cooling on skin flap necrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if contact cooling of random-pattern skin flaps increases necrosis.
To evaluate the safety of postoperative cooling in compromised skin flaps.

Main Methods:

Twenty-eight random-pattern skin flaps in pigs were divided into control, intermittent cooling, and continuous cooling groups.
Local hypothermia (4-6°C) was applied for 24 hours postoperatively using a ThermaZone device.
Necrosis area was quantified using ImageJ software and confirmed histologically on postoperative day 7.

Main Results:

Average necrosis areas were: control (17.61 cm²), intermittent cooling (15.65 cm²), and continuous cooling (14.16 cm²).
No statistically significant differences in necrosis area were found between the groups (p=0.35).
A trend suggested reduced necrosis with increased cooling duration.

Conclusions:

Postoperative cooling, whether continuous or intermittent, does not elevate necrosis in random-pattern skin flaps.
The findings indicate that cooling is safe for these flaps and may potentially improve outcomes.
Further research could explore optimal cooling parameters for enhanced flap survival.