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T Cell Types and Functions

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Dendritic cell MST1 inhibits Th17 differentiation.

Chunxiao Li^1,2, Yujing Bi³, Yan Li^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.

Nature Communications

|February 2, 2017

Summary

Dendritic cell (DC) mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) signaling negatively regulates T helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation. This DC MST1-p38MAPK pathway is crucial for controlling autoimmune and antifungal immunity.

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Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

Published on: May 21, 2012

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

CD4+ T cell differentiation is critical in immunity.
Mechanisms of antigen-presenting cell-mediated T cell modulation remain unclear.
T helper 17 (Th17) cells play key roles in autoimmune and antifungal responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of dendritic cell (DC)-dependent T cell differentiation in autoimmune and antifungal inflammation.
To elucidate the signaling pathways involved in DC-mediated Th17 cell regulation.

Main Methods:

Investigated the function of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) in DCs.
Utilized genetic manipulation of MST1 in DCs.
Assessed Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17 production.
Analyzed signaling pathways including IL-6, IL-6 receptor, STAT3, and p38 MAPK.
Evaluated roles in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and antifungal immunity models.

Main Results:

DC MST1 signaling negatively regulates Th17 cell differentiation.
MST1 deficiency in DCs enhances IL-17 production by CD4+ T cells.
MST1-deficient DCs promote IL-6 secretion via p38 MAPK activation.
MST1-deficient DCs enhance IL-6 receptor/STAT3 signaling in CD4+ T cells.
DC MST1-dependent Th17 differentiation is critical for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and antifungal immunity.

Conclusions:

The study defines a novel DC MST1-p38MAPK signaling pathway that directs Th17 cell differentiation.
This pathway is a key regulator of autoimmune and antifungal immune responses.
Targeting this pathway may offer therapeutic strategies for related diseases.