Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

31.4K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
31.4K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

49.3K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
49.3K
Crystallographic Point Groups01:29

Crystallographic Point Groups

22
Crystallographic point groups represent the various symmetry operations that can occur within crystals. They are unique in that at least one point will always remain unchanged during these actions. For instance, consider the triclinic system. This system, devoid of any axis or plane of symmetry, aligns with the C1 and Ci point groups.where Cᵢ is characterized solely by a center of inversion.Contrastingly, the monoclinic system introduces an element of symmetry. This system with one plane...
22
Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

20
In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
20
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview01:24

The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview

49
Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific...
49
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

5.5K
Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
5.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Connection between <i>GW</i> and Extended Coupled Cluster.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026
Same author

Reference Energies for Non-Relativistic Core Ionization Potentials.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026
Same author

Correction to "Excited-State Absorption: Reference Oscillator Strengths, Wave Function, and TDDFT Benchmarks".

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026
Same author

Analytic G0W0 gradients based on a double-similarity transformation equation-of-motion coupled-cluster treatment.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Erratum: "Anomalous propagators and the particle-particle channel: Bethe-Salpeter equation" [J. Chem. Phys. 162, 134105 (2005)].

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Connections between Richardson-Gaudin states, perfect-pairing, and pair coupled-cluster theory.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

19.6K

Excited-state Wigner crystals.

Fergus J M Rogers1, Pierre-François Loos1

  • 1Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|February 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored excited-state Wigner crystals (ESWCs) in one-dimensional electron gases. They discovered novel incommensurate ESWCs with unique electronic structures and anisotropic conductivity, offering new insights into condensed-matter physics.

More Related Videos

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

9.0K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

19.6K
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

9.0K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed-matter physics
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Wigner crystals (WCs) represent exotic electronic phases in low-density systems, crucial for understanding the uniform electron gas.
  • The ground-state Wigner crystal (GSWC) is well-understood, but properties of excited-state Wigner crystals (ESWCs) remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for generating and characterizing a family of ESWCs in a one-dimensional electron gas.
  • To investigate the electronic structure and properties of these novel ESWCs.

Main Methods:

  • A symmetry-broken mean-field approach was employed to model the one-dimensional electron gas.
  • The study focused on generating and analyzing incommensurate crystal structures beyond the GSWC.

Main Results:

  • A procedure was established to obtain a family of incommensurate ESWCs, which exhibit varying numbers of density maxima.
  • These ESWCs were found to possess lower energies than the uniform Fermi fluid state.
  • Asymmetrical band gaps were identified in some ESWCs, suggesting potential for anisotropic conductivity.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully characterized novel ESWCs in a 1D electron gas, expanding the understanding of Wigner crystal phases.
  • The discovered ESWCs exhibit unique electronic properties, including potential anisotropic conductivity, due to their incommensurate structures and asymmetrical band gaps.