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Modeling Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease In Vitro by Transfecting Mouse Primary Motoneurons

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Published on: January 7, 2019

CJD mimics and chameleons.

Simon Mead¹, Peter Rudge²

¹NHS National Prion Clinic, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK s.mead@prion.ucl.ac.uk.

Practical Neurology

|February 4, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Rapidly progressive dementia can mimic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), ranging from fatal to reversible causes. Recognizing CJD mimics is crucial for timely diagnosis and patient care, guiding urgent investigations and support.

Keywords:

rapidly progressive dementia

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Prion Diseases

Background:

Rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) presents a diagnostic challenge, with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) being a critical consideration.
Patients with RPD require urgent assessment and management due to rapidly evolving needs, including symptom control and end-of-life care.
A specialist UK prion referral center's experience highlights the challenges in differentiating CJD from its mimics.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the characteristics of CJD mimics encountered at a specialist prion disease referral center.
To identify key features that distinguish CJD from conditions that mimic it.
To provide guidance for the urgent assessment and investigation of rapidly progressive dementia.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of cases referred to a specialist prion disease center.
Analysis of clinical presentations, investigations, and outcomes of patients with suspected CJD.
Identification of 'warning features' suggestive of CJD mimics.

Main Results:

Classical CJD is rarely mimicked, but atypical CJD can resemble various neurodegenerative syndromes.
Warning signs for CJD mimics include generalized seizures, hyponatraemia, fever, facial movement disorders, normal neurological exams, and modest progression rates.
Investigative pointers to mimics include contrast-enhancing lesions outside typical CJD areas on MRI and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis.

Conclusions:

Differentiating CJD mimics is essential as diagnoses range from fatal to reversible conditions.
Awareness of specific clinical and radiological features aids in identifying CJD mimics.
Prompt and accurate diagnosis is vital for appropriate patient management and care planning.