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Postpartum Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Tadashi Doden1, Yoshiki Sekijima, Junji Ikeda

  • 1Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|February 4, 2017
PubMed

We describe a 24-year-old woman with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis that developed 3 weeks after normal delivery. She was treated with methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis, in addition to teratoma excision. However, her recovery was slow, and dysmnesia and mental juvenility persisted even two years after onset. To date, five patients with postpartum anti-NMDAR encephalitis have been reported. All of those patients showed psychotic symptoms and were suspected of having postpartum psychosis in the early period of the encephalitis. Changes in hormonal factors, modification of immune tolerance, or retrograde infection of the ovary may be contributing factors for postpartum anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

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