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A Fluorinated Ether Electrolyte Enabled High Performance Prelithiated Graphite/Sulfur Batteries.

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Researchers developed a new electrolyte for lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries using bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ether (BTFE) and 1,3-dioxolane (DOL). This electrolyte suppresses polysulfide shuttling and improves stability for high-performance energy storage.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries offer high energy density but face challenges like polysulfide shuttling and unstable interfaces.
  • Existing electrolytes struggle to mitigate these issues, hindering practical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-performance electrolyte for rechargeable prelithiated graphite/sulfur (Li/S) batteries.
  • To address polysulfide shuttling and improve the stability of both sulfur cathodes and graphite anodes.

Main Methods:

  • A novel electrolyte was formulated by blending bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ether (BTFE) with 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) at a 1:1 ratio with 1.0 M LiTFSI.
  • This electrolyte was used in prelithiated graphite/sulfur batteries with high-areal-loading sulfur cathodes and graphite anodes.

Main Results:

  • The DOL/BTFE electrolyte significantly reduced polysulfide solubility, suppressing shuttling and enhancing sulfur cathode capacity retention.
  • Improved reaction kinetics and sulfur utilization were observed for high-areal-loading sulfur cathodes due to the electrolyte's low viscosity and good wettability.
  • A stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formed on the graphite anode, enabling remarkable cyclability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DOL/BTFE electrolyte enables high-performance prelithiated graphite/sulfur batteries.
  • The batteries demonstrated a high sulfur-specific capacity of ~1000 mAh g⁻¹ and excellent capacity retention (>65% after 450 cycles).
  • This electrolyte strategy is effective for overcoming key limitations in Li/S battery technology.