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Redefining the Axion Window.

Luca Di Luzio1, Federico Mescia2, Enrico Nardi3

  • 1Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.

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This study refines axion model parameter space by setting precise phenomenological requirements for heavy quarks. This defines a preferred axion window with potentially larger axion-photon couplings than currently assumed.

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical Physics
  • Particle Physics
  • Cosmology

Background:

  • Axion searches aim to explore realistic axion model parameter space.
  • Current boundaries for this space rely on arbitrary criteria.
  • Precise phenomenological requirements are needed to define these boundaries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define a phenomenologically preferred axion window within realistic hadronic axion models.
  • To establish precise criteria for the boundaries of this parameter space.
  • To investigate the impact of heavy quark representations on axion properties.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of heavy quark (Q) representations (R_{Q}) in hadronic axion models.
  • Application of phenomenological constraints: short-lived heavy quarks and absence of Landau poles below the Planck scale.
  • Selection of viable model cases based on these criteria.

Main Results:

  • Identified 15 cases defining a preferred axion window.
  • The preferred window is bounded by axion-photon couplings approximately 2-4 times larger than commonly assumed.
  • Consideration of multiple heavy quark representations allows for larger couplings and complete axion-photon decoupling.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a more rigorous definition of the axion parameter space based on physical requirements.
  • The findings suggest a potentially wider range of axion-photon couplings to explore in future searches.
  • This work aids in guiding experimental axion searches towards more theoretically motivated regions.