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Factors impacting asthma control in children in a low-to-middle income country setting: a retrospective study

K A Monene1, R Masekela2

  • 1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|February 4, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Asthma control remains a challenge for most children in low-to-middle-income countries, with exacerbations negatively impacting lung function. Step-up therapy choices did not significantly improve asthma control or lung function in this study population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Global Health
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Asthma control is a significant challenge in low-to-middle-income countries.
  • Understanding factors influencing asthma control in pediatric populations is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate asthma control and its changes over time in children from a low-to-middle-income country.
  • To identify demographic, medication, comorbidity, and exacerbation-related factors affecting asthma control.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 189 children (aged 6-18 years) with asthma (2005-2010).
  • Assessment of asthma control using Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) criteria.
  • Mixed-effects regression analysis to determine the impact of various factors on lung function (FEV1).

Main Results:

  • Only 44.9% of children achieved well-controlled asthma.
  • Asthma exacerbations and uncontrolled asthma negatively impacted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) % predicted.
  • Choice of add-on asthma treatments did not significantly affect lung function tests.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of children in this cohort did not achieve adequate asthma control.
  • Current step-up therapy strategies did not demonstrate a positive impact on asthma control or lung function.
  • Therapeutic decisions were infrequently guided by spirometry results.
Abstract

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