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Foot segmental mobility during subphases of running: Comparative study between two striking patterns.

Helen Peters1, Kevin Deschamps2, Giovanni Arnoldo Matricali3

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Gait & Posture
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Summary

Running with a midfoot strike pattern (MFS) increases foot segmental mobility, particularly in the sagittal plane during impact and absorption phases. This indicates that smaller foot joints contribute significantly to the body's overall shock absorption during running.

Keywords:
Foot segmental mobilityMulti-segment foot kinematicsRunningStriking pattern

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human locomotion
  • Sports science

Background:

  • Comparative data on foot segmental mobility between rearfoot (RFS) and midfoot striking (MFS) patterns is limited.
  • Understanding foot joint motion is crucial for analyzing running mechanics and injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and compare multi-segment foot mobility during distinct stance subphases (impact, absorption, generation) for both RFS and MFS patterns.
  • To investigate the contribution of different foot segments to overall motion during running.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve participants ran barefoot at a consistent speed (3.3m/s).
  • Foot segmental mobility was measured during impact, absorption, and generation phases for both RFS and MFS conditions.
  • Kinematic data were analyzed to compare range of motion between striking patterns and foot segments.

Main Results:

  • MFS demonstrated significantly higher sagittal plane range of motion (ROM) between shank-calcaneus, calcaneus-midfoot, and calcaneus-metatarsus during the impact phase compared to RFS.
  • During the absorption phase, MFS showed increased frontal plane ROM and decreased sagittal plane ROM between calcaneus-metatarsus compared to RFS.
  • Approximately 50% of rearfoot ROM was observed in the midfoot during both striking patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Midfoot striking significantly alters foot segmental mobility compared to rearfoot striking.
  • The human body's rebounding effect during running involves contributions from smaller foot joints, not just major lower limb joints.
  • These findings have implications for understanding running biomechanics and potential injury mechanisms related to foot strike patterns.