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Bidirectional immunomodulating activity of fermented polysaccharides from Yupingfeng.

Hao Sun1, Xueqin Ni1, Dong Zeng1

  • 1Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

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Summary

Fermented Yupingfeng dreg polysaccharides (FYDP) show superior immunomodulatory effects compared to unfermented versions (UYDP). FYDP effectively enhances immune cell proliferation and balances inflammatory responses, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
FermentationImmunomodulatory activityRhizopus oligosporus SHYupingfeng dregs polysaccharide

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products

Background:

  • Yupingfeng has demonstrated immunomodulatory activity.
  • Polysaccharides are key active components in traditional medicines.
  • Fermentation can alter the properties of natural compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the in vitro immunomodulatory activity of unfermented Yupingfeng dreg polysaccharides (UYDP) and fermented Yupingfeng dreg polysaccharides (FYDP).
  • To investigate the effects of UYDP and FYDP on lymphocyte and macrophage function.
  • To evaluate the potential of FYDP in modulating inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro assays were used to assess lymphocyte and macrophage proliferation.
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of key immune mediators (iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ, NF-κB, TLR-4) was quantified.
  • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chronic inflammation models were employed.

Main Results:

  • Both UYDP and FYDP exhibited bidirectional immunomodulatory effects on cell proliferation and cytokine expression.
  • FYDP significantly enhanced lymphocyte proliferation and promoted the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and signaling molecules (iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ, NF-κB, TLR-4) compared to UYDP.
  • FYDP effectively normalized cell proliferation and downregulated pro-inflammatory markers in LPS-induced inflammation models, outperforming UYDP.

Conclusions:

  • FYDP possesses superior in vitro immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity compared to UYDP.
  • The fermentation process enhances the beneficial immune-modulating properties of Yupingfeng polysaccharides.
  • Further in vivo studies are warranted to confirm these findings and explore therapeutic potential.