Neural Perspectives on Cognitive Control Development during Childhood and Adolescence
Eveline A Crone1, Nikolaus Steinbeis1
1Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|February 5, 2017
Summary
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) model explains cognitive control development, linking PFC damage deficits to children's abilities. This review refines the model by detailing subregion roles in cognitive control emergence.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- The prefrontal cortex (PFC) model posits that cognitive control development mirrors deficits seen in individuals with PFC damage.
- This model has been widely accepted for describing the emergence of cognitive control over time.
- Similarities in cognitive control deficits between young children and patients with PFC damage support this developmental link.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing evidence supporting the PFC model of cognitive control development.
- To propose more specific models of PFC development based on functional subregion roles.
- To differentiate developmental trajectories within ventral-dorsal and lateral-medial PFC distinctions.
Main Methods:
- Review of empirical studies investigating prefrontal cortex function and cognitive control.
- Analysis of existing literature to identify patterns in PFC subregion development.
- Conceptual synthesis to formulate refined models of PFC-mediated cognitive control.
Main Results:
- Numerous studies support the general PFC model of cognitive control development.
- Specific models can be formulated by considering functional roles of PFC subregions.
- Dorsolateral PFC development supports deliberative processes; medial PFC development supports internalized decisions.
Conclusions:
- The PFC model provides a foundational understanding of cognitive control emergence.
- Refined models incorporating PFC subregion specificity offer a more nuanced view.
- These conceptualizations enhance our understanding of the complexity in cognitive control development.
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