[Weaknesses of conventional drainage systems]

Of the different drainage systems the high vacuum technique according to Redon is the procedure of choice for orthopaedic and trauma surgery. Overflow drainage should be restricted to certain special indications, when there is a risk for high blood loss. Open drainage doesn't fulfill the high sterility demands, we require in orthopaedic surgery. Aside from the positive wound healing effects, high vacuum drainage according to Redon hides some risks for complications, which aren't well known by surgeons. All openings of the drainage lines, the change of suction container as well, may lead to a reflux and thus cause retrograde wound contamination. By this procedure also aerosol formation was found, which may represent risks for the ward personnel. Changes of the suction container must have an indication and should only be performed in the presence of a blocking device at the connection tube. The vacuum indicators of most products on the market need further improvement, in order to enhance the operating safety.