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Nerve-Specific Input Modulation to Spinal Neurons during a Motor Task in the Monkey.

Joachim Confais¹, Geehee Kim^1,2, Saeka Tomatsu¹

¹Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|February 5, 2017

Summary

The central nervous system (CNS) regulates sensory signals during movement. This study shows spinal cord sensory gating is specific to input type, with proprioceptive input facilitated during relevant movements and cutaneous input suppressed.

Keywords:

nerve stimulation primates sensory gating somatosensory spinal neurons voluntary movement

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Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

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Simultaneous Intracellular Recording of a Lumbar Motoneuron and the Force Produced by its Motor Unit in the Adult Mouse In vivo

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Published on: December 5, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Spinal Cord Physiology
Sensory Processing

Background:

Voluntary movements generate substantial sensory signals that require regulation to prevent central nervous system (CNS) destabilization.
Sensory gating, a crucial regulatory process, occurs at multiple CNS levels.
Understanding the specificity of sensory gating at the spinal level is key to deciphering sensorimotor control.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how different somatosensory inputs to the spinal cord are modulated during voluntary movements.
To determine if sensory gating mechanisms at the spinal level are input-specific.
To compare the modulation of proprioceptive versus cutaneous sensory signals during motor tasks.

Main Methods:

Chronic stimulation of peripheral nerves (deep radial, median, superficial radial) in four monkeys performing a wrist movement task.
Recording evoked responses and firing rates of spinal neurons with short latencies to nerve stimulation.
Comparing neural responses based on the source nerve (proprioceptive, mixed, cutaneous) and behavioral context (wrist flexion/extension).

Main Results:

Neuronal firing rates increased during movement irrespective of the nerve source.
Evoked responses were suppressed for cutaneous (superficial radial) and mixed (median) nerve inputs during both flexion and extension.
Proprioceptive (deep radial) nerve input evoked responses were selectively facilitated during wrist extension, correlating with muscle contraction.
Modulation of firing rate and evoked response were uncorrelated for cutaneous/mixed inputs but positively comodulated for proprioceptive inputs.

Conclusions:

Spinal cord sensory gating is a refined and input-specific process.
Proprioceptive and cutaneous sensory signals are modulated differently at the spinal level during voluntary movement.
This input-specific gating mechanism contributes to efficient sensorimotor integration and CNS stability.