Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

5.8K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
5.8K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

40.8K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
40.8K
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

9.0K
All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
9.0K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

4.1K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
4.1K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

4.5K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
4.5K
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

6.4K
Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
6.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparison of traditional and new treatments for fibrous dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2026
Same author

Impaired organic and mineral extracellular matrix composition in early-onset osteoporosis.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·2025
Same author

Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 receptor agonists on bone health in people living with obesity.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2025
Same author

The GLP-1 analog, exendin-4, improves bone material properties and strength through a central relay in ovariectomized mice.

American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism·2025
Same author

Dual-modality SEM-Raman smart scanning for fast hyperspectral Raman micro-imaging - application to bones.

Biomedical optics express·2025
Same author

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP).

Molecular metabolism·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model
06:59

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

3.8K

Hypodynamia Alters Bone Quality and Trabecular Microarchitecture.

Eric Aguado1,2, Guillaume Mabilleau2, Eric Goyenvalle1,2

  • 1ONIRIS, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, route de Gachet, 44307, Nantes Cedex 3, France.

Calcified Tissue International
|February 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Reduced physical activity in chickens significantly decreased bone mass and impaired bone quality. This study highlights confined chickens as a valuable model for understanding hypodynamia-induced bone loss and osteoporosis risk.

Keywords:
Animal modelBone qualityChickenFTIRHypodynamiaSedentarity

More Related Videos

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

18.4K
Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
05:55

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Published on: September 27, 2024

1.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model
06:59

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

3.8K
Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

18.4K
Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
05:55

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Published on: September 27, 2024

1.0K

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and biomechanics
  • Animal models for osteoporosis research
  • Effects of physical inactivity on skeletal health

Background:

  • Hypodynamia (reduced physical activity) is a risk factor for osteoporosis, leading to bone loss.
  • The impact of hypodynamia on bone quality, beyond mass, is not fully understood.
  • The hypodynamic chicken model offers potential for studying disuse-induced bone alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of hypodynamia on bone mass, microarchitecture, and quality in chickens.
  • To evaluate the suitability of confined chickens as a model for hypodynamic bone disease.
  • To analyze changes in bone mineralization and collagen characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of femurs from freely moving (FREE) and confined (HYPO) chickens using microcomputed tomography (microCT) and nanoindentation.
  • Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (FTIR) to assess mineralization and collagen.
  • Quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI) for mineral matrix analysis.

Main Results:

  • Confined chickens (HYPO group) exhibited significantly altered trabecular bone volume and microarchitecture.
  • FTIR revealed a reduced mineral-to-matrix ratio, increased carbonate content, and higher crystallinity in the HYPO group, indicating poorer mineral quality.
  • Collagen maturity was significantly reduced in the HYPO group, with decreased crosslinking.
  • Reduced biomechanical properties were observed at the tissue level in confined chickens.

Conclusions:

  • Confined chickens serve as a novel model for studying hypodynamia-induced bone changes without surgical intervention.
  • Hypodynamia in chickens leads to decreased bone mass and compromised bone matrix quality, characterized by reduced mineralization and collagen crosslinking.
  • This model is valuable for investigating the mechanisms underlying disuse-induced osteoporosis.