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Medication Overuse Headache: Pathophysiological Insights from Structural and Functional Brain MRI Research.

Todd J Schwedt¹, Catherine D Chong¹

¹Mayo Clinic, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ, USA.

|February 5, 2017

Summary

Medication overuse headache (MOH) is linked to altered brain structure and function in pain and addiction pathways. Some brain changes resolve after stopping medication, but addiction-related alterations may persist, indicating a predisposition.

Keywords:

brain imaging magnetic resonance imaging medication overuse headache migraine

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Published on: January 12, 2011

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Radiology
Neurology

Background:

Medication overuse headache (MOH) pathophysiology is increasingly understood through brain imaging.
Research highlights structural and functional brain changes in MOH patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To review imaging studies on brain alterations in medication overuse headache (MOH).
To explore structural and functional changes in pain and addiction pathways in MOH.
To investigate if these changes predict treatment outcomes or indicate predisposition.

Main Methods:

Narrative review of neuroimaging studies in medication overuse headache (MOH).
Analysis of studies examining brain structure and function in pain processing and addiction-related regions.
Evaluation of research on changes before and after medication withdrawal.

Main Results:

MOH is associated with atypical brain structure and function in pain processing regions.
Similarities exist between brain functional patterns in MOH and addiction.
Normalization of pain pathway structure/function observed after medication cessation.

Conclusions:

MOH involves abnormal brain structure/function in pain and addiction pathways.
While pain pathway abnormalities may normalize, addiction-related changes can persist.
Persistent abnormalities suggest a potential predisposing trait for medication overuse and MOH.