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Related Concept Videos

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
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Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
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Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
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PRP as a New Approach to Prevent Infection: Preparation and In vitro Antimicrobial Properties of PRP
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Hospital-Acquired Infections: Current Trends and Prevention.

Christine Boev1, Elizabeth Kiss1

  • 1St. John Fisher College Wegmans School of Nursing, 3690 East Avenue, Rochester, NY 14618, USA.

Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America
|February 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Health care-associated infections (HAIs) are a major cause of preventable patient harm. This article details HAI pathophysiology, epidemiology, and prevention strategies for healthcare professionals to reduce infection rates.

Keywords:
Catheter-associated urinary tract infectionCentral-line–associated bloodstream infectionHealth care–associated infectionsHospital-acquired infectionsSurgical site infectionVentilator-associated pneumonia

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Nursing

Background:

  • Health care-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients.
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines HAIs as complications or infections linked to device implantation or surgical procedures.
  • Key types of HAIs monitored by the CDC include surgical site infections, central-line-associated bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and prevention of health care-associated infections (HAIs).
  • To highlight the collaborative role of nurses and other healthcare providers in reducing HAI incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HAI pathophysiology and epidemiology.
  • Analysis of CDC surveillance data for common HAIs.
  • Discussion of evidence-based prevention strategies.

Main Results:

  • HAIs represent a critical area for intervention within healthcare settings.
  • Understanding the specific types of HAIs is crucial for targeted prevention.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for effective HAI reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Nurses play a vital role in implementing and advocating for HAI prevention protocols.
  • Effective prevention requires a comprehensive approach addressing pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical practice.
  • Reducing HAIs is a shared responsibility among all healthcare professionals to improve patient safety.