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Hepatitis E infection among Ghanaians: a systematic review
Richard Ofori-Asenso1, Akosua Adom Agyeman2
1Research Unit, Health Policy Consult, P. O. Box WJ 537, Weija-Accra, Ghana. asensox215@gmail.com.
Infectious Diseases of Poverty
|February 7, 2017
Summary
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is prevalent in Ghana, with serological markers found in 5.8-71.55% of the population. Public health efforts and further research are crucial to manage this significant disease burden.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Virology
Background:
- Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing nations.
- Understanding the epidemiology of HEV in Ghana is crucial for effective disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize existing studies on HEV infection in Ghana.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of HEV epidemiology within the Ghanaian population.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was performed.
- Searched multiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for HEV studies in Ghana up to August 2016.
- Included screening of references and relevant government websites for non-indexed studies.
Main Results:
- Ten studies encompassing 2,894 participants across six regions of Ghana were analyzed.
- Serological markers for HEV infection ranged from 5.8% to 71.55%.
- Prevalence of IgM antibodies was 0.7-45.9%, and IgG antibodies was 0-45.3%. A high case fatality rate of 66.7% was noted in pregnant women. Information on HEV genotypes was not available.
Conclusions:
- HEV infection is widespread among Ghanaians, indicating a substantial public health concern.
- Implementing preventive strategies, such as health education and improved sanitation, is essential.
- Further research into HEV genotypes is necessary to fully grasp the disease's impact in Ghana.
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