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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
842
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

400
AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
400
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

295
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
295
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

429
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
429

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice
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Rheumatic heart disease screening: Current concepts and challenges.

Scott Dougherty1, Maziar Khorsandi2, Philip Herbst3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Ministry of Health, Belau National Hospital, Koror, Republic of Palau.

Annals of Pediatric Cardiology
|February 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a preventable condition affecting young people. Echocardiographic screening shows promise for detecting subclinical RHD, but challenges remain before widespread adoption.

Keywords:
Acute rheumatic feverrheumatic heart diseasescreening

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a significant global health issue, particularly affecting individuals under 25.
  • It stems from acute rheumatic fever (ARF), leading to cumulative valvular damage, often presenting after years of subclinical disease.
  • Current management focuses on preventing recurrent ARF with penicillin prophylaxis, but diagnosis is often delayed or missed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of echocardiographic screening for detecting subclinical Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD).
  • To identify challenges and areas for improvement before widespread RHD screening can be implemented.
  • To address the need for reliable discriminators of subclinical disease for population-level control of ARF and RHD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on echocardiographic screening for RHD detection.
  • Analysis of current diagnostic criteria and their limitations.
  • Discussion of practical challenges including equipment, natural history, and non-expert application.

Main Results:

  • Echocardiography is superior to auscultation for RHD detection.
  • Uncertainty exists regarding the echocardiographic definition of subtle RHD changes.
  • Significant concerns surround the implementation and implications of widespread screening.

Conclusions:

  • Widespread echocardiographic screening for RHD cannot yet be endorsed due to diagnostic uncertainties and practical challenges.
  • Further research is needed on subclinical RHD natural history, penicillin response, and simplified diagnostic criteria.
  • Addressing issues like penicillin prophylaxis uptake and equipment improvement is crucial for future RHD control strategies.