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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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A Murine Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and Tumor Detection System
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Tumor markers: A diagnostic tool.

Madhav Nagpal1, Shreya Singh2, Pranshu Singh3

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SGT, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.

National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery
|February 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Serum cancer markers, often proteins, aid in detecting tumor risk but can be elevated by non-cancerous conditions. Understanding these biomarkers improves cancer detection and treatment efficacy.

Keywords:
Biomarkerscancerousoral squamous cell carcinomatumor markers

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Serum cancer markers are proteins produced by cancerous cells or in response to cancer.
  • These markers are utilized for predicting primary or secondary tumor risk.
  • Non-cancerous conditions and individual patient variability can affect marker levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide background information for the appropriate use of serum cancer markers.
  • To enhance understanding of cancer biomarkers for improved patient management.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing knowledge on serum cancer markers.
  • The review focuses on the nature, utility, and limitations of these markers.

Main Results:

  • Serum cancer markers can indicate tumor risk but are not definitive diagnostic tools.
  • Elevated levels can occur in non-cancerous conditions, and not all cancer patients show raised markers.
  • Increased knowledge of cancer biomarkers offers opportunities for better cancer detection and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Judicious use of serum cancer markers requires awareness of their limitations.
  • Enhanced understanding of cancer biomarkers can significantly improve cancer patient management.
  • Further research and clinical application of tumor markers are crucial for advancing cancer care.