Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

53.0K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
53.0K
Detection of Black Holes01:10

Detection of Black Holes

2.6K
Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
2.6K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

706
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
706
Interference and Superposition of Waves01:07

Interference and Superposition of Waves

7.3K
When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect of the waves is the sum of the individual waves' effects. However, it does not imply that the individual waves affect the propagation of other waves.
Interference occurs in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, waves on a string, and surface water waves. Mechanical waves correspond to the physical displacement of particles. Hence,...
7.3K
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

3.2K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
3.2K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

2.2K
Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Characterization and evasion of backscattered light in the squeezed-light enhanced gravitational wave interferometer GEO 600.

Optics express·2023
Same author

Frequency noise stabilisation of a 1550 nm external cavity diode laser with hybrid feedback for next generation gravitational wave interferometry.

Optics express·2022
Same author

Two-Carrier Scheme: Evading the 3 dB Quantum Penalty of Heterodyne Readout in Gravitational-Wave Detectors.

Physical review letters·2021
Same author

First Demonstration of 6 dB Quantum Noise Reduction in a Kilometer Scale Gravitational Wave Observatory.

Physical review letters·2021
Same authorSame journal

Erratum: Publisher Correction: Interferometer techniques for gravitational-wave detection.

Living reviews in relativity·2019
Same author

Mitigating Mode-Matching Loss in Nonclassical Laser Interferometry.

Physical review letters·2019
Same journal

Primordial black holes and their gravitational-wave signatures.

Living reviews in relativity·2025
Same journal

Solvable models of quantum black holes: a review on Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity.

Living reviews in relativity·2023
Same journal

Electromagnetic counterparts to massive black-hole mergers.

Living reviews in relativity·2022
Same journal

Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA.

Living reviews in relativity·2020
Same journal

Kilonovae.

Living reviews in relativity·2019
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.6K

Interferometer Techniques for Gravitational-Wave Detection.

Andreas Freise1, Kenneth Strain2

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK.

Living Reviews in Relativity
|February 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review introduces the optical science behind advanced gravitational-wave detectors. It explains complex laser interferometer designs and offers simulation examples for hands-on learning.

More Related Videos

Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection
16:11

Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection

Published on: April 26, 2014

9.9K
Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
10:39

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.6K
Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection
16:11

Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection

Published on: April 26, 2014

9.9K
Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
10:39

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Optics
  • Astronomy

Background:

  • Global construction of kilometer-scale gravitational-wave detectors.
  • These instruments utilize advanced technologies for precision length measurement.
  • Classical Michelson interferometers are adapted with new optical elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a textbook-style introduction to optical science for gravitational-wave detectors.
  • To explain the complex optical layouts of modern laser interferometers.
  • To offer practical examples using interferometer simulation software.

Main Methods:

  • Review of classical optical techniques applied to advanced interferometers.
  • Analysis of modified Michelson interferometer topologies.
  • Demonstration of interferometer simulation software with practical examples.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive overview of optical principles relevant to high-precision interferometers.
  • Understanding of how additional optical elements alter interferometer properties.
  • Accessible examples for hands-on learning with simulation tools.

Conclusions:

  • The study demystifies the optical science behind gravitational-wave detectors.
  • It equips readers with the knowledge to understand and analyze complex optical systems.
  • Encourages practical engagement with optical principles through simulation.