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Related Concept Videos

Larynx01:21

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The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
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Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

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Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
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Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
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Reflux and Voice Disorders: Have We Established Causality?

G Todd Schneider1, Michael F Vaezi2, David O Francis3

  • 1Vanderbilt Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Bill Wilkerson Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports
|February 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This review examines the scientific evidence linking gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to voice changes. It assesses the causal relationship using the Bradford-Hill criteria, questioning anecdotal links in dysphonia treatment.

Keywords:
CausalityDysphoniaFundoplicationGastroesophageal RefluxLaryngopharyngeal RefluxProton Pump Inhibitors

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • A growing trend links abnormal voice changes to reflux among medical professionals.
  • Conflicting evidence exists regarding the connection between reflux and voice disorders.
  • Current medical decisions should prioritize scientific evidence over anecdotal observations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the scientific evidence connecting reflux and voice changes.
  • To assess the potential causal relationship between reflux (exposure) and voice changes (outcome) using the Bradford-Hill criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature.
  • Application of the Bradford-Hill criteria to evaluate causality.
  • Analysis of studies investigating reflux and dysphonia.

Main Results:

  • The current evidence linking reflux to voice changes is conflicting and requires careful examination.
  • Anecdotal practice patterns and scientific evidence present disparities in this association.
  • Further rigorous investigation is needed to establish a definitive causal link.

Conclusions:

  • The association between reflux and voice changes needs more robust scientific validation.
  • Medical decisions regarding dysphonia treatment should be guided by strong evidence, not solely by reflux attribution.
  • The review highlights the need for a science-based approach to understanding the reflux-dysphonia relationship.