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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
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Supramolecular hyperbranched polymers.

Wei Tian1, Xuexiang Li1, Jingxia Wang1

  • 1The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China. happytw_3000@nwpu.edu.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|February 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Supramolecular hyperbranched polymers (SHPs) offer unique properties due to their topological structures and supramolecular interactions. This review covers advances and future trends in SHP construction, self-assembly, and applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Supramolecular polymers with topological structures are emerging as novel smart materials.
  • Supramolecular hyperbranched polymers (SHPs) combine advantages of supramolecular and hyperbranched polymers.
  • SHPs possess unique chemical/physical properties and broad application potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight recent advances in supramolecular hyperbranched polymers (SHPs).
  • To discuss future trends in SHP research.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of SHP construction, properties, and applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of direct and indirect construction methodologies for SHPs.
  • Analysis of hyperbranched architectures and their influence on properties.
  • Discussion of self-assembly behaviors and responsive/functional features.

Main Results:

  • SHPs exhibit reversible and tunable characteristics.
  • Their 3D topological structure, high solubility, and terminal groups are advantageous.
  • Positive cooperativity enhances SHP properties and functions.

Conclusions:

  • SHPs represent a promising class of materials with tunable properties.
  • Advances in construction methodologies are expanding their potential.
  • Future research directions include exploring novel applications in various fields.