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All-Extremity Exercise Training Improves Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults
Han-Kyul Kim1, Chueh-Lung Hwang, Jeung-Ki Yoo
11Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; 2Division of Health and Exercise Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, KOREA; and 3Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|February 7, 2017
Summary
Moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) effectively reduces arterial stiffness in older adults, unlike high-intensity interval training (HIIT). This finding is crucial for developing exercise programs to prevent cardiovascular disease in aging populations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Exercise Science
- Gerontology
Background:
- Arterial stiffening is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease in older adults.
- Aerobic exercise can mitigate cardiovascular disease risk, but optimal exercise prescriptions for arterial stiffening are unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of all-extremity high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and carotid artery compliance in older adults.
Main Methods:
- 49 sedentary older adults were randomized into HIIT, MICT, or control groups for 8 weeks.
- HIIT involved 4-minute intervals at 90% HRpeak with active recovery; MICT involved continuous exercise at 70% HRpeak.
- Aortic (carotid-femoral PWV) and carotid artery compliance were measured pre- and post-intervention.
Main Results:
- Moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) significantly improved carotid-femoral PWV and carotid artery compliance.
- High-intensity interval training (HIIT) did not yield significant improvements in these arterial stiffness measures.
- Improvements from MICT were independent of changes in blood pressure, heart rate, body composition, or aerobic fitness.
Conclusions:
- All-extremity moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) is effective in improving central arterial stiffness in older adults.
- High-intensity interval training (HIIT) did not demonstrate similar benefits for arterial stiffness in this population.
- Findings provide valuable insights for tailoring aerobic exercise prescriptions to enhance vascular health in older individuals.
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