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How Substance Users With ADHD Perceive the Relationship Between Substance Use and Emotional Functioning.
John T Mitchell1, Thomas S Weisner2, Peter S Jensen3,4
11 Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Journal of Attention Disorders
|February 8, 2017
Summary
Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who persist in substance use (SU) perceive positive emotional benefits, particularly from cannabis. These perceptions may increase the risk for cannabis use in this population.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Addiction Research
Background:
- Substance use (SU) is more prevalent in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- Both ADHD and SU are linked to emotional dysregulation.
- The interplay between emotions and SU in ADHD remains underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between emotional functioning and substance use in adults with and without ADHD.
- To explore how individuals perceive the impact of substance use on their emotional states.
Main Methods:
- A mixed qualitative-quantitative approach was employed.
- Narrative comments from persistent and desistent substance users in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD (MTA) adult follow-up were analyzed.
- Participants included individuals with ADHD and a local normative comparison group (LNCG).
Main Results:
- Persistent substance users reported that SU positively influences emotional states, with perceived positive effects outweighing negative ones.
- Qualitative analysis revealed perceptions that cannabis use enhanced positive mood and, for those with ADHD, improved negative mood and ADHD symptoms.
- No significant differences were found between ADHD and non-ADHD persistent substance users regarding general perceptions of SU and mood.
Conclusions:
- Perceptions of substance use and its emotional effects do not distinguish between persistent ADHD and non-ADHD substance users.
- The belief that cannabis is therapeutic may be a significant factor contributing to the risk of cannabis use in individuals with ADHD.
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