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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Knee Arthrocentesis in Adults
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Allergy in Total Knee Replacement. Does It Exist?: Review Article.

Martin Faschingbauer1,2, Lisa Renner1,3, Friedrich Boettner1

  • 1Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021 USA.

HSS Journal : the Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery
|February 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergies to knee replacement materials are uncommon. Patch testing can diagnose hypersensitivity, guiding the use of special implants for affected patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Keywords:
allergyoxiniumpatch testtotal knee arthroplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on the impact of pre-existing allergies to implant materials and bone cement on total knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes.
  • Understanding these allergies is crucial for optimizing patient treatment and implant selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze current literature on the prevalence and significance of metal and bone cement allergies in patients undergoing TKA.
  • To evaluate diagnostic methods and treatment strategies for hypersensitivity reactions in TKA.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed with keywords including "knee," "arthroplasty," "allergy," and "hypersensitivity."
  • Included studies were screened based on title and abstract relevance, with 46 articles selected for final review.

Main Results:

  • Patch testing is identified as the gold standard for diagnosing hypersensitivity reactions post-TKA.
  • A consensus exists that patients with confirmed allergies should receive hypoallergenic materials or cementless TKA.
  • Recommended treatment options include coated titanium or cobalt-chromium implants, or ceramic/zirconium oxide implants.

Conclusions:

  • Allergies to implant materials and bone cement are rare in the context of TKA.
  • Patch testing is recommended for patients reporting allergies to guide appropriate management.
  • The use of specialized, hypoallergenic implants is advised for patients with confirmed allergies to ensure successful TKA outcomes.