Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

3.7K
Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
3.7K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

2.3K
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
2.3K
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

69.0K
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
69.0K
Hormones of the Pituitary Gland01:27

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

13.6K
The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...
13.6K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

7.9K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
7.9K
The Pituitary Gland01:17

The Pituitary Gland

14.0K
The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
14.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Mirror aneurysms of the anterior cerebral artery: distinct clinical profile or just another intracranial aneurysm? A systematic review.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Gamma Knife, its optimal use - a Letter.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Preoperative visualization and intraoperative functional assessment of a long medullary artery in glioblastoma surgery using ultra-high-resolution intra-arterial Computed tomography angiography: an illustrative case.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Robotic platforms in neurosurgery: the great disappearing act.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Morphological parameters contributing to aneurysm rupture: Identifying the rogue from the mugshot using different statistical methods.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Does early surgical intervention for type II dens fractures improve survival in octogenarians? A propensity-matched analysis.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

20.0K

Pituitary function after selective adenomectomy for Cushing's disease.

F A Post S G Soule J C De Villiers N S Levitt1,2

  • 1a Departments of Medicine and.

British Journal of Neurosurgery
|February 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Selective adenomectomy for Cushing's disease offers good cure rates with preserved pituitary function. However, recurrence rates may be higher with this conservative surgical approach.

Keywords:
Cushing's Disease;Adenomectomy;Pituitary Function

More Related Videos

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

24.4K
Full-Endoscopic Surgery for Hypothalamic Hamartoma Resection
02:22

Full-Endoscopic Surgery for Hypothalamic Hamartoma Resection

Published on: April 12, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

20.0K
A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

24.4K
Full-Endoscopic Surgery for Hypothalamic Hamartoma Resection
02:22

Full-Endoscopic Surgery for Hypothalamic Hamartoma Resection

Published on: April 12, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cushing's disease, a rare endocrine disorder, results from excessive cortisol production.
  • Transsphenoidal selective adenomectomy is a primary treatment, but its efficacy and impact on pituitary function require evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess cure rates of selective adenomectomy for Cushing's disease.
  • To evaluate the incidence of pituitary dysfunction after the procedure.
  • To analyze tumor characteristics and long-term outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 34 patients with Cushing's disease undergoing transsphenoidal selective adenomectomy (1975-1992).
  • Evaluation of tumor size, histology, and pre/postoperative pituitary function.
  • Follow-up averaged 5.8 years, with cure defined by symptom resolution and normalized urinary cortisol.

Main Results:

  • Sixty-three percent of patients achieved initial cure; an additional 4% were cured with repeat surgery.
  • 81% of patients maintained intact postoperative pituitary function.
  • Recurrence was observed in 26% of patients after a mean of 4.6 years; 28% required further treatment (adrenalectomy/irradiation).

Conclusions:

  • Selective adenomectomy provides acceptable cure rates for Cushing's disease.
  • The procedure is associated with a low prevalence of postoperative hypopituitarism.
  • Conservative surgical approaches may increase the risk of recurrence.