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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration
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A Selective Cell Population from Dermis Strengthens Bone Regeneration.

Tingliang Wang1, Jinguang He1, Yang Zhang1

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Stem Cells Translational Medicine
|February 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Human dermal cells expressing bone morphogenetic protein receptor type IB (BmprIB) show enhanced osteogenic capacity. These BmprIB+ cells represent a promising source for bone tissue engineering and regeneration applications.

Keywords:
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type IBBone tissue engineeringCalvarial defectCoralSkin

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Identifying suitable seed cells is crucial for bone tissue engineering.
  • Skin, as the largest organ, offers a potential source of progenitor cells.
  • Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type IB (BmprIB) signaling is implicated in bone formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the osteogenic potential of human BmprIB+ dermal cells.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of BmprIB+ cells in healing critical-sized calvarial defects.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining identified BmprIB expression in dermal cells.
  • Flow cytometry quantified BmprIB+ cells (3.5% ± 0.4%).
  • In vitro and in vivo studies compared BmprIB+ cells with unsorted dermal cells for osteogenesis.

Main Results:

  • BmprIB+ dermal cells exhibited superior in vitro osteogenic capacity compared to unsorted cells.
  • In vivo implantation of BmprIB+ cell/coral constructs promoted significant bone regeneration in calvarial defects.
  • Coral scaffold alone or with unsorted cells showed limited regenerative effects.

Conclusions:

  • Human BmprIB+ dermal cells are a viable osteogenic progenitor cell source.
  • This selective cell population offers a high-quality, large-quantity source for bone regeneration.
  • The findings support the use of BmprIB+ dermal cells in bone tissue engineering strategies.