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The development of a shoulder specific left/right judgement task: Validity & reliability.

John D Breckenridge¹, James H McAuley², David S Butler³

¹Discipline of Biomedical Science, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Australia.

Musculoskeletal Science & Practice

|February 8, 2017

Summary

A new shoulder-specific Left-Right Judgement Task (LRJT) reliably assesses body schema in individuals. This tool measures implicit motor imagery of the shoulder, aiding future research into shoulder pain.

Keywords:

Laterality Left/right judgement Motor imagery Shoulder pain

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Rehabilitation Medicine
Human Movement Science

Background:

Disruption of the working body schema is linked to various pain conditions.
The Left-Right Judgement Task (LRJT) indirectly assesses body schema integrity.
No LRJT specifically targets the body schema of individuals with shoulder pain.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a shoulder-specific LRJT.
To assess the reliability of this new tool.

Main Methods:

Developed novel shoulder images with varying complexity, posture, and rotation.
Created mirrored images for left and right shoulder discrimination.
Administered the task to 1413 participants globally.

Main Results:

The shoulder LRJT demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.95).
Response times varied significantly with image complexity and rotation, indicating motor imagery use.
Performance norms, including age-related cut-offs, were established.

Conclusions:

The shoulder-specific LRJT is a reliable measure of implicit shoulder motor imagery.
Task performance correlates with image complexity and rotation, validating its use.
This tool facilitates future research on shoulder pain and body schema.