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Related Concept Videos

Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

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Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
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Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

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Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
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Introduction Cardiac Emergencies01:30

Introduction Cardiac Emergencies

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Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management01:26

Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management

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Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
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Night syncope: a case report.

Léopold Loumaye1, Dominique Blommaert1

  • 1Cardiology Clinique Universitaire UCL Mont-Godinne Rue Dr G Therasse 1 Yvoir 5530 Belgium.

Clinical Case Reports
|February 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, a rare condition in cardiac arrest survivors, may originate from Purkinje fibers. Interventional therapy offers a promising long-term solution for these dangerous arrhythmias.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) accounts for 5-10% of hospital cardiac arrest survivors.
  • Recurrent malignant arrhythmias pose significant clinical challenges.
  • Identifying the origin of these arrhythmias is crucial for effective treatment.

Observation:

  • A subset of IVF cases may be triggered by aberrant electrical activity within the Purkinje fiber network.
  • Purkinje fibers play a critical role in cardiac impulse conduction.
  • Abnormalities in Purkinje fibers can lead to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.

Findings:

  • Purkinje fiber triggers are implicated in some cases of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation.
  • Understanding the specific origin of arrhythmias can guide therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:
Defibrillatorpolymorphic ventricular tachycardiasudden deathsyncope

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  • Interventional approaches targeting the Purkinje system show potential.

    • Implications:

    • Interventional therapy may provide a durable and effective treatment for recurrent IVF.
    • This approach could reduce the burden of malignant arrhythmias in select patient populations.
    • Further research into Purkinje fiber-mediated arrhythmias is warranted to refine treatment protocols.