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Socket Preservation Using a Biomimetic Nanostructured Matrix and Atraumatic Surgical Extraction Technique.

Marco Mozzati¹, Giorgia Gallesio, Giorgio Staiti

¹*SIOM Oral Surgery and Implantology Center, Torino †Science Department, Department of Health Sciences "A. Avogadro," University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara ‡Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

|February 9, 2017

Summary

This study shows that a biomimetic bone substitute containing equine collagen I and Mg-hydroxyapatite effectively preserves tooth extraction sockets. The equine collagen I and Mg-hydroxyapatite composite demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and improved healing.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Oral Surgery
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Tooth extraction often leads to significant alveolar ridge resorption.
Socket preservation techniques aim to minimize bone loss and facilitate future implant placement.
Biomimetic materials offer promising alternatives for bone regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of a novel biomimetic composite bone substitute for human socket preservation after tooth extraction.
To assess the biocompatibility and healing potential of equine collagen I and Mg-hydroxyapatite.
To determine the clinical and histological outcomes of using this composite in postextraction sockets.

Main Methods:

Thirty-two patients underwent tooth extraction followed by socket grafting with the biomimetic composite without flap elevation.
Clinical outcomes included healing index, pain scores, complications, and patient satisfaction.
Histological analysis of retrieved specimens at 2 months post-surgery evaluated bone remodeling and new bone formation.

Main Results:

No adverse reactions or infections were reported, with an average healing index of 5.8.
Patients reported lower pain scores and unanimously favored the treatment.
Histological examination revealed significant bone remodeling, with new trabeculae originating from existing bone.

Conclusions:

Grafting postextraction sockets with this equine collagen I and Mg-hydroxyapatite composite accelerates socket closure and tissue maturation.
The biomimetic bone substitute exhibits excellent biocompatibility, with no detected inflammatory reactions.
The material was well-accepted by patients, indicating its clinical applicability.