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Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors will improve multi-messenger astronomy. A third LIGO detector in India will enable precise localization of gravitational-wave events, crucial for multi-messenger astronomy.

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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy
  • Astrophysics
  • Gravitational-wave astronomy

Background:

  • Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors are key instruments for detecting gravitational waves.
  • Multi-messenger astronomy aims to combine gravitational-wave data with other astronomical observations.
  • Binary neutron-star inspirals are prime targets for multi-messenger astronomy due to their potential for electromagnetic counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a future observing scenario for gravitational-wave detectors.
  • To assess the network's sensitivity to transient gravitational-wave signals.
  • To evaluate the capability of localizing gravitational-wave sources for multi-messenger astronomy planning.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating a decade-long observing scenario for Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo.
  • Analyzing the network's sensitivity to transient gravitational-wave signals.
  • Studying the impact of detector distribution and sensitivity on source localization accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Source localization accuracy is highly dependent on the number and configuration of operational detectors.
  • With only two detectors, 90% credible regions can span thousands of square degrees.
  • A network of at least three sensitive, broad-bandwidth detectors is needed for localizing signals to 5-20 deg².
  • Relocating a third LIGO detector to India is projected to significantly improve localization to a few square degrees.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed observing scenario and detector network configuration are crucial for advancing multi-messenger astronomy.
  • Improved source localization capabilities will enhance the synergy between gravitational-wave and electromagnetic astronomy.
  • The strategic placement of detectors, particularly a third LIGO in India, is vital for future gravitational-wave discoveries and multi-messenger follow-up.