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Low-Frequency Gravitational Wave Searches Using Spacecraft Doppler Tracking.

J W Armstrong1

  • 1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Mail Stop 238-725, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109-8001 USA.

Living Reviews in Relativity
|February 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spacecraft Doppler tracking is a current technology for detecting low-frequency gravitational waves. This method uses the Earth and a spacecraft as test masses, with the Doppler shift revealing wave signatures.

Keywords:
CassiniDoppler stabilityDoppler trackingfrequency stabilitygravitational wave detectorsradio

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Gravitational Wave Astronomy
  • Space Science

Background:

  • Low-frequency gravitational waves (millihertz band) are challenging to detect.
  • Current detector technologies have limitations in this frequency range.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss spacecraft Doppler tracking as a detector technology for millihertz gravitational waves.
  • To explain the principles, data analysis, and performance of this detection method.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes the Earth and a distant spacecraft as free test masses.
  • Employs a precision Doppler tracking system to monitor Earth-spacecraft relative velocity.
  • Analyzes Doppler shift perturbations caused by gravitational waves.

Main Results:

  • Gravitational waves cause detectable perturbations in the Doppler time series.
  • The large Earth-spacecraft separation (1-10 AU) is crucial for millihertz wavelengths.
  • Burst signals exhibit a characteristic three-event signature in the Doppler time series.

Conclusions:

  • Spacecraft Doppler tracking is a viable detector technology for the millihertz gravitational wave band.
  • Understanding signal transfer functions and noise is key to data analysis.
  • Potential improvements exist for enhancing low-frequency gravitational wave sensitivity.