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Related Concept Videos

Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes02:30

Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes

16.5K
This lesson discusses the stability of substituted cyclohexanes with a focus on energies of various conformers and the effect of 1,3-diaxial interactions.
The two chair conformations of cyclohexanes undergo rapid interconversion at room temperature. Both forms have identical energies and stabilities, each comprising equal amounts of the equilibrium mixture. Replacing a hydrogen atom with a functional group makes the two conformations energetically non-equivalent.
For example, in...
16.5K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

31.4K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
31.4K
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

13.4K
The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
13.4K
Conformations of Cyclohexane02:11

Conformations of Cyclohexane

16.6K
Cyclohexane does not exist in a planar form due to the high angle and torsional strain it would experience in the planar structure. Instead, it adopts non-planar chair and boat conformations.
The chair form is the most stable and derives its name from its resemblance to the “easy chair.” In the chair conformation, two carbon atoms are arranged out-of-plane — one above and one below, minimizing the torsional strain. In the chair form, the bond angle is very close to the ideal...
16.6K
Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane02:02

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane

20.3K
The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a result of cyclohexane’s bond angle being very close to the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° in its chair conformer. Similarly, the torsional strain is also absent owing to the perfectly staggered arrangement of bonds.
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this...
20.3K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

4.1K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
4.1K

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Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
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Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units

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Supramolecular frameworks based on [60]fullerene hexakisadducts.

Andreas Kraft1, Johannes Stangl2, Ana-Maria Krause1

  • 1Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.

Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
|February 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created crystalline frameworks using fullerene derivatives with 12 carboxylic acid groups. Adjusting linker length controlled node spacing, yielding continuous channels in the most elongated structures for potential porous materials.

Keywords:
fullereneshexakisadductshydrogen bondingporous materialsstructure elucidation

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Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface
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Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures
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Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

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Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface
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Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures
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Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Fullerenes are versatile carbon nanomaterials with unique electronic and structural properties.
  • Hydrogen-bonding interactions are crucial for self-assembly and the formation of ordered structures.
  • Designing functionalized fullerenes allows for the creation of advanced materials with tailored properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize fullerene hexakisadducts with multiple carboxylic acid side chains.
  • To investigate the formation of crystalline hydrogen-bonding frameworks.
  • To explore the relationship between linker length, framework spacing, and porosity.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of fullerene hexakisadducts with varying linker lengths.
  • Solid-state characterization using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).
  • Thermal stability analysis via thermogravimetry (TGA).
  • Porosity assessment using sorption measurements.

Main Results:

  • Fullerene hexakisadducts self-assembled into crystalline frameworks via hydrogen bonding.
  • The length of the linker precisely controlled the distance between fullerene nodes and framework spacing.
  • The most elongated derivative exhibited continuous channels, indicating potential porosity.
  • The frameworks demonstrated good stability and structural integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Tailored fullerene derivatives can form robust, crystalline hydrogen-bonding networks.
  • Systematic control over framework architecture and porosity is achievable by modifying molecular structure.
  • These materials hold promise for applications requiring porous crystalline structures.