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Biomarkers of Heart Failure with Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction

Michele Senni1,2, Emilia D'Elia3, Michele Emdin4,5

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Heart Transplant Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy. msenni@hpg23.it.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|February 10, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Biomarkers are vital for heart failure (HF) management, aiding diagnosis, treatment response evaluation, and clinical trials. This review covers established biomarkers across HF phenotypes, including reduced, preserved, and mid-range ejection fraction.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Science
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Biomarkers are increasingly integral to heart failure (HF) management.
  • Their applications span screening, diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment monitoring.
  • Biomarkers also serve as entry criteria and surrogate efficacy markers in drug development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of established biomarkers in heart failure management.
  • To categorize biomarker utility based on HF phenotypes defined by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of established biomarkers for heart failure.
  • Classification of biomarkers according to HF phenotypes: reduced (HFrEF), preserved (HFpEF), and mid-range (HFmrEF) ejection fraction.

Main Results:

  • Established biomarkers are crucial across the spectrum of HF management.
  • Biomarker roles differ based on HF classification by LVEF.

Conclusions:

  • Biomarkers are essential tools for personalized heart failure care.
  • Understanding biomarker application across HF phenotypes (HFrEF, HFmrEF, HFpEF) optimizes patient management and clinical trial design.

Keywords:
BiomarkersDiagnosisHeart failure managementPrognosisScreening

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