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Cardiovascular adjustments to heat stress during prolonged exercise
Luna Rizzo1, Martin W Thompson2
1Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy - luna.rizzo2@unibo.it.
The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
|February 10, 2017
Summary
Extreme sports in heat challenge athletes
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Environmental Extremes
- Cardiovascular Function
Background:
- Increasing popularity of prolonged exercise in hot environments for extreme sports.
- Growing number of athletes participating in long-distance races in warm conditions like deserts.
- Elevated cardiovascular demands on athletes due to increased race distances and environmental heat.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms of cardiovascular drift during prolonged exercise in heat.
- To explore the physiological responses of the cardiocirculatory system in extreme environmental conditions.
- To synthesize current literature on factors affecting athletic performance and health in hot conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on cardiovascular drift during prolonged exercise in heat.
- Analysis of emerging topics including nervous system activity, heart rate, and dehydration.
- Examination of relationships between physiological parameters like stroke volume, oxygen uptake, and blood flow dynamics.
Main Results:
- Cardiovascular drift is a key physiological response during prolonged exercise in heat.
- Sympathetic and vagal nervous activity, dehydration, and hyperthermia significantly influence cardiovascular responses.
- Complex interactions exist between heart rate, stroke volume, oxygen uptake, and blood flow dynamics.
Conclusions:
- Understanding cardiovascular drift is crucial for optimizing performance in hot conditions.
- Knowledge of these physiological mechanisms is essential for safeguarding athlete health during extreme exercise.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term effects on left ventricular function and heart rate variability.
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