A cytocompatible micro/nano-textured surface with Si-doped titania mesoporous arrays fabricated by a one-step...

To mimic the hierarchical structure of bone tissues, a hybrid micro/nano-textured titanium surface with Si-doped TiO₂ mesoporous arrays is fabricated by a one-step high current anodization (HCA). Specifically, the HCA is carried out in a electrolyte containing NO₃^- and SiO₃^2-. The NO₃^- in the electrolyte is demonstrated to play a key role in mediating the formation of honeycombed TiO₂ mesoporous arrays, which are different than the nanotubes formed by the mediating of F^- ion in the conventional anodization. This unique structure endows the coating with improved mechanical properties compared to the nanotube layer. In addition, the Si is incorporated into the coating in a concentration-dependent manner. With the increase of Si doping amount in the coating, both the hydrophilic properties and surface free energy of coatings are obviously enhanced. The cell culture test shows that the osteoblast behaviors on this surface are positively influenced by the doped Si. Therefore, this micro/nano-textured surface coating doped with Si may endow the Ti-based implants long-term stability and good osseointegration.