Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Direct Motor Pathways01:11

Direct Motor Pathways

5.0K
The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
The corticospinal tract is responsible for the voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk. It originates in the cerebral cortex of the brain and descends through the cerebrum's internal capsule and...
5.0K
Mechanisms of Drug Absorption: Paracellular, Transcellular, and Vesicular Transport01:23

Mechanisms of Drug Absorption: Paracellular, Transcellular, and Vesicular Transport

2.2K
Drugs need to permeate cell membranes to reach their target sites after administration. Orally administered drugs must transcend intestinal epithelial membrane barriers to infiltrate the systemic circulation. Drugs with a molecular weight of less than 500 Daltons diffuse through gaps between neighboring cells, called paracellular pathways.
However, most drugs use the transcellular route, traversing directly through the cell membranes via two mechanisms: passive and active transport. Passive...
2.2K
Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

1.5K
The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
1.5K
Drug Absorption Mechanism: Carrier-Mediated Membrane Transport01:19

Drug Absorption Mechanism: Carrier-Mediated Membrane Transport

6.7K
Certain large, lipid-insoluble drug molecules that resemble amino acids, peptides, or glucose, require specialized carrier proteins to facilitate their diffusion across cell membranes. This transport can occur through either facilitated diffusion, which does not require energy input, or active transport, which does require energy input.
Facilitated diffusion is a passive process that utilizes human Solute Carrier (SLC) transporters. These transporters bind to the drug, undergo structural...
6.7K
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

2.0K
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
2.0K
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

3.5K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
3.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Opportunities for health system strengthening to reduce preventable trauma deaths in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: Findings from an expert panel review.

South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde·2026
Same author

Making Informed Choices On Incorporating Chemoprevention into carE (MiCHOICE, SWOG 1904): Design and methods of a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Contemporary clinical trials·2024
Same author

Can't intubate, can't oxygenate' (CICO) how to be better prepared.

Irish medical journal·2024
Same author

Automated sleep staging in people with intellectual disabilities using heart rate and respiration variability.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR·2023
Same author

Exploring a community's understanding of HIV vaccine‑induced seropositivity in a South African research setting.

South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde·2022
Same author

Outer retinal transduction by AAV2-7m8 following intravitreal injection in a sheep model of CNGA3 achromatopsia.

Gene therapy·2021
Same journal

Association between area-level deprivation and hospital dental admissions in children under five.

British dental journal·2026
Same journal

The role of multi-acid and traditional acid etching agents on the surface roughness of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic material.

British dental journal·2026
Same journal

Oral health perceptions among elite athletes and elite para-athletes: psychosocial impacts, sports performance.

British dental journal·2026
Same journal

Frank Clare Wilkinson CBE (1889-1979) dental professor in Manchester, Australia and London, second dean of the Eastman Dental Institute.

British dental journal·2026
Same journal

Admissions factors and their associations with performance in dental education: a quantitative study exploring undergraduate admissions at a UK dental school.

British dental journal·2026
Same journal

Dentistry Show Birmingham reflects a profession looking forward.

British dental journal·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Direct Protein Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-permeable Cys2-His2 Zinc-finger Domains
11:24

Direct Protein Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-permeable Cys2-His2 Zinc-finger Domains

Published on: March 25, 2015

10.5K

Direct access: how is it working?

S Turner1, M Ross1

  • 1University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Dental Institute, 4th floor, Lauriston Building, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh, EH3 9HA.

British Dental Journal
|February 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dental hygienists and therapists in the UK largely support direct access, finding benefits for patients and professionals. However, barriers like teamwork issues and limited NHS periodontal treatment persist.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Direct Infusion Device for Molecule Delivery in Plants
08:52

Author Spotlight: Direct Infusion Device for Molecule Delivery in Plants

Published on: June 2, 2023

3.6K
Engineering Cell-permeable Protein
21:08

Engineering Cell-permeable Protein

Published on: December 28, 2009

15.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Direct Protein Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-permeable Cys2-His2 Zinc-finger Domains
11:24

Direct Protein Delivery to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-permeable Cys2-His2 Zinc-finger Domains

Published on: March 25, 2015

10.5K
Author Spotlight: Direct Infusion Device for Molecule Delivery in Plants
08:52

Author Spotlight: Direct Infusion Device for Molecule Delivery in Plants

Published on: June 2, 2023

3.6K
Engineering Cell-permeable Protein
21:08

Engineering Cell-permeable Protein

Published on: December 28, 2009

15.1K

Area of Science:

  • Dental Public Health
  • Oral Healthcare Policy

Background:

  • Direct access allows patients to see dental hygienists and therapists without prior dentist referral.
  • The General Dental Council (GDC) in the UK permits direct access for dental professionals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey UK dental hygienists and therapists working in direct access practices.
  • To assess their views on direct access benefits, disadvantages, treatments provided, and encountered barriers.

Main Methods:

  • A purposive sample of GDC-registered dental hygienists and therapists in direct access practices was identified via Google search.
  • An online survey was administered, with postal follow-ups for non-respondents.

Main Results:

  • A 48% response rate (86/179) was achieved.
  • 73% viewed the GDC's direct access decision favorably, believing advantages outweighed disadvantages for all stakeholders.
  • Most respondents saw ~13 direct access patients monthly, primarily for periodontal care, with 64% reporting increased job satisfaction.

Conclusions:

  • Direct access is generally viewed positively by dental hygienists and therapists in the UK.
  • While job satisfaction and skills may increase, barriers related to teamwork, dentist attitudes, and NHS treatment limitations require attention.