Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome. Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Conserved Binding Sites

Conserved Binding Sites

Conserved Binding Sites

Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally...

The Equilibrium Binding Constant and Binding Strength

The Equilibrium Binding Constant and Binding Strength

The Equilibrium Binding Constant and Binding Strength

The Equilibrium Binding Constant and Binding Strength

The equilibrium binding constant (Kb) quantifies the strength of a protein-ligand interaction. Kb can be calculated as follows when the reaction is at equilibrium:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Functional reserve mitigates cognitive-motor dual-task costs in older adults: insights from age, cohort, and behavioural strategies.

European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity·2026

Same author

Contrasting cognitive control in the Simon and spatial Stroop tasks regarding their interference with the control of standing balance.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Challenging the Biomimetic Promise 2.0: Negative Spillover of Bio-Inspired Versus Sustainability Framing on Public Perceptions of Bio-Inspired Technologies.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Cultural differences in healthcare: An investigation using cognitive-affective mapping.

Global mental health (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same author

Continuous Hand-Arm Vibrations Do Not Interfere with Cognitive Processing.

Journal of cognition·2026

Same author

Bindings for Action: Bridging the Gap Between Theories of Procedural Working Memory and Action Control Research.

Journal of cognition·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm

Published on: May 14, 2014

The time course of intentional binding.

Miriam Ruess¹, Roland Thomaschke², Andrea Kiesel²

¹Cognition, Action, and Sustainability Unit, Department of Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany, 79085, Freiburg. ruess@psychologie.uni-freiburg.de.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

|February 11, 2017

Summary

Intentional binding (IB), a measure of agency, shifts effect perception closer to actions. IB increases with short delays but declines with longer delays, impacting human-machine interface design.

Keywords:

Action-effect interval Effect delay Intentional binding Sense of agency Temporal binding Temporal predictability

More Related Videos

Microfluidic On-chip Capture-cycloaddition Reaction to Reversibly Immobilize Small Molecules or Multi-component Structures for Biosensor Applications

Microfluidic On-chip Capture-cycloaddition Reaction to Reversibly Immobilize Small Molecules or Multi-component Structures for Biosensor Applications

Published on: September 23, 2013

Rodent Brain Microinjection to Study Molecular Substrates of Motivated Behavior

Rodent Brain Microinjection to Study Molecular Substrates of Motivated Behavior

Published on: September 16, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm

Published on: May 14, 2014

Microfluidic On-chip Capture-cycloaddition Reaction to Reversibly Immobilize Small Molecules or Multi-component Structures for Biosensor Applications

Microfluidic On-chip Capture-cycloaddition Reaction to Reversibly Immobilize Small Molecules or Multi-component Structures for Biosensor Applications

Published on: September 23, 2013

Rodent Brain Microinjection to Study Molecular Substrates of Motivated Behavior

Rodent Brain Microinjection to Study Molecular Substrates of Motivated Behavior

Published on: September 16, 2015

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

Intentional binding (IB) is the perceptual bias where effects are perceived as occurring sooner when caused by an action.
IB serves as an implicit measure of the sense of agency, reflecting the subjective experience of controlling one's actions and their consequences.
Understanding the factors influencing IB, such as effect delay and temporal predictability, is crucial for understanding agency.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how effect delay and temporal predictability influence intentional binding (IB).
To determine the relationship between different delay durations and the magnitude of IB.
To explore the implications of these findings for the design of human-machine interfaces.

Main Methods:

Participants performed actions and observed effects with varying delays between them.
Intentional binding was operationalized as the temporal bias to perceive the effect as shifted toward the action.
Experiments manipulated effect delay durations (e.g., 100-400 ms) and assessed changes in perceived timing.

Main Results:

For short delays (200-300 ms), IB increased as the delay increased.
For longer delays (100-400 ms), the initial increase in IB observed at shorter delays declined.
These results extend previous findings showing a decrease in IB for delay ranges of 250-650 ms.

Conclusions:

The magnitude of intentional binding is sensitive to the duration of the delay between action and effect.
IB may be maximal at different delay durations depending on the specific action-effect context.
Findings have significant implications for optimizing human-machine interfaces by considering the subjective experience of agency.