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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

539
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
539
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

448
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
448
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

451
The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
451
Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management01:25

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

483
Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.
483
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

394
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
394
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

699
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
699

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An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model
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Recurrent pericarditis.

M Imazio1, A Battaglia1, L Gaido1

  • 1University Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|February 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recurrent pericarditis, often immune-mediated, requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. While challenging, most idiopathic cases have good long-term outcomes with appropriate medical or surgical management.

Keywords:
AetiologyDiagnosisPericarditisPrognosisTherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Recurrent pericarditis affects 15-30% of pericarditis cases, often presumed immune-mediated but lacking specific rheumatologic diagnosis.
  • Clinical diagnosis relies on chest pain and objective evidence of inflammation (rub, ECG, effusion, elevated markers, imaging).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the definition, diagnosis, etiology, therapy, and prognosis of recurrent pericarditis.
  • To focus on recent literature regarding this challenging complication.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on recurrent pericarditis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Standard therapy involves NSAIDs/aspirin plus colchicine; second-line includes corticosteroids.
  • Refractory cases may require azathioprine, IVIG, biologics (anakinra), or pericardiectomy as a last resort.
  • Idiopathic recurrent pericarditis generally has good long-term outcomes with low risk of constriction or tamponade.

Conclusions:

  • Recurrent pericarditis necessitates a structured approach to diagnosis and management.
  • While often idiopathic, effective treatments exist, leading to favorable long-term prognosis.
  • Further research into pathogenesis and novel therapies remains crucial.