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Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Many covalent molecules have central atoms that do not have eight electrons in their Lewis structures. These molecules fall into three categories:

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Published on: May 12, 2023

Metal-like Boronic-Organic Frameworks: A Design and Computation.

Xingfa Gao^1,2, Xuejiao J Gao^1,2

¹College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang 330022, China.

Inorganic Chemistry

|February 11, 2017

Summary

Researchers created novel boronic-organic frameworks (BOFs) with unique boron bonding. These materials exhibit semimetal and narrow-bandgap semiconductor properties, unlike traditional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs).

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Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

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Published on: May 12, 2023

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

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Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Main Group Chemistry
Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

Most metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) are insulators or wide-bandgap semiconductors due to weak π-interactions in their connecting bonds.
Designing frameworks with metal-like electronic properties using common chemical components remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop novel low-dimensional boronic-organic frameworks (BOFs) with unique electronic properties.
To explore the potential of boron atoms in creating metal-like bonding within organic frameworks.
To investigate the application of these BOFs in nanoelectronics.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of stable and accessible low-dimensional boronic-organic frameworks (BOFs) by linking aryl borons with isocyanides.
Characterization of the electronic structure and bonding properties of the resulting BOFs.
Analysis of the σ-donation and π-backdonation interactions between boron atoms and isocyanide linkers.

Main Results:

Successful formation of boronic-organic frameworks (BOFs) through the linkage of aryl borons and isocyanides.
Boron atoms in BOFs exhibit unique bonding behavior, mimicking transition metals through combined σ-donation and π-backdonation.
BOFs display semimetal and narrow-bandgap semiconductor characteristics, distinct from MOFs and COFs.

Conclusions:

Boronic-organic frameworks (BOFs) offer a new class of materials with tunable electronic properties.
The peculiar boron bonding in BOFs opens avenues for their use in advanced nanoelectronic applications.
This research integrates main group donor-acceptor chemistry principles into materials science, expanding the design possibilities for functional frameworks.