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Long-Term Body Mass Index Trends After Living-Donor Nephrectomy.

Christopher J Dru1, Gerhard J Fuchs

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Experimental and Clinical Transplantation : Official Journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation
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Summary

Living kidney donors risk obesity post-surgery. Nutrition counseling helped reduce body mass index (BMI) in overweight and obese patients, potentially preventing related health issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Transplant Surgery
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Increasing demand for kidney allografts leads to expanded donor body mass index (BMI) criteria.
  • Obesity is a known risk factor for renal disease development.
  • Understanding BMI trends in living kidney donors is crucial for long-term allograft and donor health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify body mass index (BMI) trends in patients undergoing donor nephrectomy.
  • To implement nutrition counseling to promote weight loss and reduce risks associated with metabolic syndrome-derived renal dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Ninety patients undergoing donor nephrectomy (2007-2012) had height and weight data collected preoperatively and at multiple time points post-surgery.
  • Patients received standardized nutrition counseling focusing on obesity-related comorbidities and lifestyle modification.
  • Body mass index (BMI) was reassessed one year after counseling.

Main Results:

  • Preoperatively, 52% of donors were overweight or obese.
  • Post-surgery, overweight/obesity rates increased from 52% to 91% by year five.
  • One year after nutrition counseling, mean BMI decreased from 27.2 ± 4.0 kg/m² to 25.1 ± 3.6 kg/m², with 94% of overweight and 82% of obese patients showing reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Living-donor nephrectomy patients exhibit a risk of developing obesity, mirroring the general adult population.
  • Nutrition counseling appears beneficial for normalizing body mass index (BMI) in post-nephrectomy patients, potentially preventing obesity-related comorbidities.
  • Post-surgery BMI monitoring and primary care follow-up are recommended surveillance strategies for living kidney donors.