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Is p53 Involved in Tissue-Specific Insulin Resistance Formation?

Justyna Strycharz1, Jozef Drzewoski2, Janusz Szemraj3

  • 1Diabetes Student Scientific Society at the Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
|February 15, 2017
PubMed

Insights

The tumor suppressor p53 protein regulates cellular metabolism and stress responses. This review explores how p53 influences metabolic abnormalities linked to aging, obesity, and inflammation, promoting insulin resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • The p53 protein is a key regulator of cellular stress responses and has an established role in tumor suppression.
  • Emerging evidence links p53 function to metabolic regulation, cellular aging, obesity, and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of p53-dependent metabolic actions.
  • To elucidate the role of p53 in promoting insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental data and existing research on p53 and metabolic functions.
  • Analysis of p53's regulatory roles in key metabolic pathways including glycolysis, lipogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Examination of p53's impact on insulin signaling in various tissues.

Main Results:

  • p53 regulates numerous metabolic processes, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, lipolysis, lipogenesis, beta-oxidation, gluconeogenesis, and glycogen synthesis.
  • p53 activation by hyperglycemia or caloric excess contributes to chronic inflammation and insulin resistance.
  • p53 influences adipogenesis and represses preadipocyte differentiation, impacting white and brown adipose tissue.

Conclusions:

  • p53 plays a critical role in metabolic dysregulation, particularly in the context of insulin resistance.
  • p53-mediated metabolic abnormalities are significantly associated with obesity and aging.
  • Understanding p53's metabolic functions is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases.

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