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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Silencing of BRCA2 to Identify Novel BRCA2-regulated Biological Functions in Cultured Human Cells
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Silencing of BRCA2 to Identify Novel BRCA2-regulated Biological Functions in Cultured Human Cells

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When silencing mRNA, position matters.

Alexandra A Mushegian1

  • 1Science Signaling, AAAS, Washington, DC 20005, USA.

Science Signaling
|February 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The location of a protein-binding site on messenger RNA (mRNA) dictates how effectively it silences gene expression posttranscriptionally. This finding is crucial for understanding gene regulation mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Posttranscriptional gene silencing is a critical regulatory process.
  • RNA-binding proteins play key roles in modulating gene expression after transcription.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the positional effect of RNA-binding protein binding sites on mRNA.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of RNA-binding protein-mediated posttranscriptional silencing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing molecular biology techniques to analyze mRNA-protein interactions.
  • Employing gene expression assays to quantify silencing efficiency based on binding site location.

Main Results:

  • The position of the protein-binding sequence within the mRNA significantly influences silencing efficacy.
  • Specific locations enhance or diminish the RNA-binding protein's silencing activity.

Conclusions:

  • The spatial arrangement of regulatory elements on mRNA is a key determinant of posttranscriptional silencing.
  • Understanding these positional dependencies is vital for predicting and manipulating gene expression.