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Polysomnographic findings in infants with Pierre Robin sequence

Abdullah Khayat1, Saadoun Bin-Hassan1, Suhail Al-Saleh1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Annals of Thoracic Medicine
|February 16, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Nearly half of infants with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) experience obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study highlights the high prevalence of OSA in infants with PRS, underscoring the need for further research.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Genetics and Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is a congenital condition characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction.
  • Infants with PRS frequently exhibit sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep breathing abnormalities from birth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and severity of SDB in infants diagnosed with PRS.
  • To utilize polysomnography (PSG) for a comprehensive evaluation of sleep breathing patterns in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of sleep laboratory data from May 2007 to March 2016 at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
  • Inclusion of patients with PRS and their initial polysomnography (PSG) records, with referral primarily due to OSA concerns.
  • Statistical comparisons between OSA and non-OSA groups using t-tests, Wilcoxon signed ranks test, and Chi-squared tests.

Main Results:

  • Out of 46 infants with PRS, 47% (22/46) showed evidence of OSA.
  • OSA severity varied, with 10 mild, 3 moderate, and 9 severe cases identified.
  • Infants with PRS and OSA were younger than those without OSA, and significant correlations were observed between desaturation/arousal indices and the obstructive apnea-hypopnea index.

Conclusions:

  • This study confirms a high incidence of OSA among infants with Pierre Robin sequence.
  • Further prospective, longitudinal research is recommended to understand the long-term outcomes of OSA in the PRS population.
Abstract

Keywords:
InfantsPierre Robin sequenceobstructive sleep apneasleep-disordered breathing

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