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How can we conceptualize behavioural addiction without pathologizing common behaviours?

Daniel Kardefelt-Winther1, Alexandre Heeren2, Adriano Schimmenti3

  • 1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|February 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary

To prevent the overpathologizing of common behaviors, this study proposes a clear definition and exclusion criteria for behavioral addiction. This aims to guide future research and maintain the credibility of addictive disorder classifications.

Keywords:
Addiction theoryDSM-5behavioral addictiondiagnosisgambling disorderinternet gaming disordernon-substance related addictionspathologizationtheory development

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) introduced a new diagnostic category for addictive disorders.
  • Research has since expanded to classify numerous common behaviors and leisure activities as potential behavioral addictions.
  • This expansion risks questioning the relevance and credibility of the field of addictive disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an operational definition of behavioral addiction.
  • To establish exclusion criteria to prevent the overpathologizing of common behaviors.
  • To provide a common ground for future research and classification in addictive disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an operational definition for behavioral addiction.
  • Formulation of specific exclusion criteria.
  • Justification of the proposed definition and criteria by addressing existing theoretical and methodological shortcomings.

Main Results:

  • A proposed operational definition of behavioral addiction is presented.
  • Exclusion criteria are provided to differentiate addiction from non-pathological behaviors.
  • The definition and criteria aim to rectify shortcomings in current conceptualizations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed definition and exclusion criteria offer a framework to avoid pathologizing common behaviors.
  • This approach seeks to maintain the credibility of the behavioral addiction field within the DSM-5 classification.
  • An invitation is extended for collaborative refinement of the definition via an Open Science framework.