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Field-Based Thermal Physiology Assay: Cold Shock Recovery under Ambient Conditions
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Climate Adaptation of Tropical Cattle.

W Barendse1,2

  • 1CSIRO Agriculture, St. Lucia 4067, Australia.

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|February 16, 2017
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Tropical cattle populations are growing, necessitating genetic adaptation for heat tolerance and reduced methane emissions. Advanced genomic selection is crucial for improving these traits despite implementation challenges.

Keywords:
cattleclimategenesgenome selectionheatmethanetropics

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Genetics
  • Climate Adaptation

Background:

  • Tropical cattle comprise over half the global population, with research focusing on breeds and nutrition.
  • Heat stress is a primary challenge for cattle adaptation in tropical climates.
  • Existing adaptation strategies often target external traits, but comprehensive genomic approaches are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the need for genetic improvement in tropical cattle for climate adaptation.
  • To identify key traits for adaptation, including heat tolerance and reduced methane emission.
  • To emphasize the potential and challenges of implementing genomic selection in tropical regions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on tropical cattle adaptation.
  • Identification of major genes influencing coat characteristics and heat tolerance.
  • Discussion of genome-estimated breeding values (GEBVs) for genetic improvement.

Main Results:

  • External traits like coat color offer limited adaptation; holistic genomic approaches are required.
  • Dry season weight loss is a critical, understudied trait linked to methane emission and climate forcing.
  • Genome-estimated breeding values are essential for efficient genetic gain but face significant implementation hurdles.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic improvement of tropical cattle requires integrating whole-genome information and physiological systems.
  • Addressing heat tolerance and methane emission through GEBVs is vital for sustainable cattle production.
  • Overcoming methodological difficulties is paramount for successful genomic selection in tropical cattle breeding programs.