[Emotional processing theory and prolonged exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder]

Prolonged exposure therapy is a first-line treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. In this article we discuss the theoretical underpinnings and underlying mechanisms of PE, its efficacy and safety. We briefly describe the procedures involved in PE with special emphasis in imaginal exposure. Also, we present examples of efforts to integrate evidence-based treatments that concurrently target PTSD and borderline personality disorder. Next, we review efforts made to adapt the intervention to Hispanics. Finally, obstacles for disseminating and implementing PE are discussed.