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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

Hepatitis E Virus Infects Neurons and Brains.

Xinying Zhou¹, Fen Huang², Lei Xu¹

¹Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

|February 16, 2017

Summary

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infects neural cells, challenging its liver-only dogma. HEV RNA and protein are found in animal brains and human cerebrospinal fluid, indicating neurotropism.

Keywords:

central nervous system cerebrospinal fluid; hepatitis E virus peripheral nervous system.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Neuroscience
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is traditionally considered a hepatotropic virus, primarily causing liver inflammation.
Recent reports suggest extrahepatic manifestations, including neurological disorders, linked to HEV infection.
The neuroinvasive potential of HEV remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neurotropic potential of Hepatitis E virus (HEV).
To determine if HEV can infect neural cells and the central nervous system.
To explore potential therapeutic strategies for HEV-induced neurological conditions.

Main Methods:

In vitro infection of human and mouse neural cell lines with HEV.
Assessment of antiviral efficacy of interferon-α and ribavirin in neural cells.
Detection of HEV RNA and protein in brain tissues of inoculated mice and monkeys.
Analysis of HEV presence in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurological disorders.

Main Results:

Human and mouse neural cells are highly susceptible to HEV infection in vitro.
Interferon-α and ribavirin demonstrate potent antiviral activity against HEV in neural cells.
HEV RNA and protein were detected in the brain tissues of infected mice and monkeys.
HEV was identified in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurological disorders, confirming nervous system infection.

Conclusions:

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) exhibits neurotropic capabilities, infecting neural cells and the central nervous system.
These findings challenge the established view of HEV as exclusively hepatotropic.
HEV infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic neurological disorders.