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Understanding patient perceptions and risk for hepatitis C screening.

S Grannan1

  • 1Willow Creek Family Practice, 4003 Rawlins Street, Cheyenne, WY, 82001.

Journal of Viral Hepatitis
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PubMed
Summary

Identifying barriers to viral hepatitis C (HCV) testing is crucial. This study found that many patients, including Baby Boomers, did not recognize their risks, hindering HCV testing rates.

Keywords:
HCV screeninghepatitis C screeningpatient perceptionsreasons not to testscreening perceptions

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Viral hepatitis C (HCV) remains a significant public health concern, particularly in underserved populations.
  • Understanding barriers to HCV testing is essential for effective screening and early intervention strategies.
  • Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) serve vulnerable communities, making them critical sites for health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify themes and barriers associated with viral hepatitis C (HCV) testing.
  • To determine if HCV testing rates increased when patients self-identified risk factors and were offered testing.
  • To analyze the relationship between self-identified risks, demographics, and willingness to test for HCV.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive study utilizing surveys and electronic health record (EHR) data was conducted at an FQHC in the Mountain West.
  • Adult participants completed a 10-item survey assessing demographics, HCV risk factors, and reasons for testing reluctance.
  • HCV screening rates during the study period were compared to baseline 2014 rates using EHR data.

Main Results:

  • The typical participant was female, a Baby Boomer, white, and uninsured. Top self-identified risks included tattoos/piercings, being a Baby Boomer, multiple sex partners, and drug use.
  • A significant number of participants, especially Baby Boomers, did not identify their demographic or behaviors as risk factors for HCV.
  • HCV testing incidence did not increase during the study period, with main reasons for not testing including perceived lack of risk factors, cost concerns, and prior testing.

Conclusions:

  • Many individuals, including Baby Boomers, fail to recognize their risk factors for HCV, presenting a substantial barrier to testing.
  • Concerns about cost and comfort within the clinical setting also contribute to low HCV testing uptake.
  • Interventions should focus on improving risk factor awareness and addressing practical barriers to facilitate increased HCV screening in FQHCs.