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Language-Specific Attention Treatment for Aphasia: Description and Preliminary Findings.

Richard K Peach¹, Meghana R Nathan², Katherine M Beck³

¹Department of Communication Disorders and Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.

Seminars in Speech and Language

|February 16, 2017

Summary

This study introduces a language-based treatment for aphasia that targets attentional deficits. The program showed promise in improving language and auditory-verbal working memory in individuals with aphasia.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Speech-Language Pathology
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Aphasia frequently co-occurs with attentional deficits, necessitating targeted interventions.
Existing treatments may not adequately address the interplay between language and attention in aphasia.
A specific, skill-based approach is needed to improve language and attention in aphasic individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe and validate a novel language-specific attention treatment program for aphasia.
To assess the program's impact on various attentional domains and language recovery.
To evaluate the reliability of the treatment program.

Main Methods:

Development of an eight-task program utilizing increasingly complex linguistic tasks to target attention.
Assessment of lexical and sentence processing within six defined attentional domains.
Evaluation of inter- and intrarater reliability and test-retest reliability.

Main Results:

The treatment tasks effectively loaded on six key attentional domains: executive attention, attentional switching, visual selective attention/processing speed, sustained attention, auditory-verbal working memory, and auditory processing speed.
The program demonstrated excellent inter- and intrarater reliability and adequate test-retest reliability.
Two of four participants with aphasia showed significant language recovery, and three of four improved in auditory-verbal working memory.

Conclusions:

The language-specific attention treatment program is a reliable and potentially effective intervention for aphasia with moderate attentional impairments.
The findings support the integration of attention-focused tasks within language rehabilitation for aphasia.
Further research is warranted to explore the long-term efficacy and broader applicability of this treatment approach.